This course provides students with the basic knowledge on soils and how it’s applied to soil fertility and plant nutrition. The major contents include soil formation, soil types and classification system, physical and chemical weathering of the parent material, soil morphology, soil taxonomy, soil texture, soil structure, soil particle and bulk density, soil porosity, soil consistency, soil temperature, soil colour, soil water, soil clays, organic colloids, cation exchange, anion exchange, adsorption, soil reaction (soil pH), buffering in soils. Soil biology, soils and plant nutrition, soil fertility and fertilizers and soil management which includes soil conservation and improvement due to natural and human destruction.