The course is aimed at providing students with a basic understanding of pasture and fodder production by taking into consideration the abundance of tropical forages and viewing these as a feed resource for increased ruminant livestock production in PNG. The opportunities for increased animal production The course is aimed at providing students with a basic understanding of pasture and fodder production by taking into consideration the abundance of tropical forages and viewing these as a feed resource for increased ruminant livestock production in PNG. The opportunities for increased animal production through improved nutritional and management practices of these forages for animals are realized through an appreciation of the environmental and climatic forces that interact to influence the different types of forages utilized by the grazing animals.