Western influences have changed the way(s) people in PNG lived for thousands of years. Their influences apart from foreign education, modernization and civilization have, in many ways, destabilized the network of social fabric that kept societies together and had affected social order and stability. This course introduces students to major principles and practices in rural sociology, types of societies and forces of stability, modernization approach, and obstacles to personal and societal improvements. The course will be studied under two main sub-themes: (1) Structure and characteristics of society and (ii) Social behavior and planned change.